bubble_shooter_love2d/main.lua

local tau = math.pi * 2
local game = {}

local function load_level(level, bubble_diameter, row_gap)
  local slots = {}
  local bubble_radius = bubble_diameter / 2
  local num_rows = #level
  local max_cols = math.max(#level[1], #level[2])
  local min_cols = math.min(#level[1], #level[2])

  assert(
    max_cols == min_cols + 1,
    'number of columns in alternating rows must differ by one'
  )

  local num_bubble_slots = 0
  if num_rows % 2 == 0 then
    num_bubble_slots = num_rows / 2 * #level[1] +
                       num_rows / 2 * #level[2]
  else
    num_bubble_slots = math.ceil(num_rows / 2) * #level[1] +
                       math.floor(num_rows / 2) * #level[2]
  end
  print('slots', num_bubble_slots)

  for row = 1, #level do
    local num_cols = #level[row]

    assert(
      num_cols == min_cols or num_cols == max_cols,
      string.format("wrong number of columns (%d) in row %d", num_cols, row)
    )

    local x_offset = num_cols == min_cols and bubble_radius or 0
    for col = 1, num_cols do
      local index = #slots + 1
      slots[index] = {
        x = x_offset + bubble_radius + (col - 1) * bubble_diameter,
        y = bubble_radius + (row - 1) * row_gap,
        bubble_type = level[row][col],
        neighbours = {}
      }
      if col > 1 then -- left
        slots[index].neighbours[#slots[index].neighbours+1] = index - 1
      end
      if col < num_cols then -- right
        slots[index].neighbours[#slots[index].neighbours+1] = index + 1
      end
      if row % 2 == 0 or (row > 1 and col > 1) then -- up left
        slots[index].neighbours[#slots[index].neighbours+1] = index - max_cols
      end
      if row % 2 == 0 or (row > 1 and col < num_cols) then -- up right
        slots[index].neighbours[#slots[index].neighbours+1] = index - min_cols
      end
      if row % 2 == 0 or col > 1 then -- down left
        if index + min_cols <= num_bubble_slots then
          slots[index].neighbours[#slots[index].neighbours+1] = index + min_cols
        end
      end
      if row % 2 == 0 or col < num_cols then -- down right
        if index + max_cols <= num_bubble_slots then
          slots[index].neighbours[#slots[index].neighbours+1] = index + max_cols
        end
      end
    end
  end
  return slots
end

-- ex. remaining_bubble_types = {1,4,5,8} -- should only be regular, not special
local function get_next_bubble_type(index, remaining_bubble_types)
  return remaining_bubble_types[love.math.random(#remaining_bubble_types)]
end

local function get_bubble_counts()
  local total = 0
  local count_by_type = {}
  for i = 1, #game.bubble_slots do
    local bubble_type = game.bubble_slots[i].bubble_type
    if bubble_type ~= 0 then
      total = total + 1
    end
    if count_by_type[bubble_type] == nil then
      count_by_type[bubble_type] = 0
    end
    count_by_type[bubble_type] = count_by_type[bubble_type] + 1
  end
  return total, count_by_type
end

local function find_nearest_slot(x, y)
  local nearest_slot_index = 0
  local min_dist = math.huge
  for i = 1, #game.bubble_slots do
    local slot = game.bubble_slots[i]
    if slot.bubble_type == 0 then
      local diff_x = x - slot.x
      local diff_y = y - slot.y
      local dist = math.sqrt(diff_x * diff_x + diff_y * diff_y)
      if dist < min_dist then
        min_dist = dist
        nearest_slot_index = i
      end
    end
  end
  assert(nearest_slot_index ~= 0, "no nearest slot found")
  return nearest_slot_index
end

local function find_matches(start_index)
  local bubble_type = game.bubble_slots[start_index].bubble_type
  local to_check = {start_index}
  local matches = {start_index}
  local visited = {}
  visited[start_index] = true

  while #to_check > 0 do
    local current_index = table.remove(to_check)
    local slot = game.bubble_slots[current_index]

    for i = 1, #slot.neighbours do
      local neighbour_index = slot.neighbours[i]
      local neighbour = game.bubble_slots[neighbour_index]
      if not visited[neighbour_index] and neighbour.bubble_type == bubble_type then
        matches[#matches+1] = neighbour_index
        to_check[#to_check+1] = neighbour_index
      end
      visited[neighbour_index] = true
    end
  end

  return matches
end

function love.load(arg)
  if arg[#arg] == "debug" then require("lldebugger").start() end

  game.window_width, game.window_height = love.graphics.getDimensions()

  game.paused = false
  game.frame_by_frame = false

  game.bubble_diameter = 60
  game.bubble_radius = game.bubble_diameter / 2
  game.bubble_speed = 8 -- px/frame

  -- vertical distance between bubble center points
  game.row_gap = math.ceil(math.sqrt(
    (game.bubble_diameter * game.bubble_diameter) -
    (game.bubble_radius * game.bubble_radius)
  ))

  game.background_image = love.graphics.newImage('images/background.png')
  game.background_width = game.background_image:getWidth()

  game.bubble_images = {
    love.graphics.newImage('images/red.png'),    -- 1
    love.graphics.newImage('images/orange.png'), -- 2
    love.graphics.newImage('images/yellow.png'), -- 3
    love.graphics.newImage('images/green.png'),  -- 4
    love.graphics.newImage('images/blue.png'),   -- 5
    love.graphics.newImage('images/purple.png'), -- 6
    love.graphics.newImage('images/pink.png'),   -- 7
    love.graphics.newImage('images/white.png')   -- 8
  }

  game.levels = {}
  game.levels[1] = {
    {1,1,1,3,3,2,2,2},
    { 1,1,3,3,3,2,2 },
    {4,4,7,8,8,6,5,5},
    { 4,7,7,8,6,6,5 },
    {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
    { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },
    {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
    { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },
    {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
    { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },
    {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
    { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0 },
    {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
    { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0 }
  }
  game.current_level = 1

  game.bubble_slots = load_level(
    game.levels[game.current_level], game.bubble_diameter, game.row_gap
  )
  local max_cols = math.max(
    #game.levels[game.current_level][1],
    #game.levels[game.current_level][2]
  )
  local num_rows = #game.levels[game.current_level]
  game.level_width = max_cols * game.bubble_diameter
  game.level_height = (num_rows - 1) * game.row_gap + game.bubble_diameter
  game.level_left = (game.window_width - game.level_width) / 2
  game.level_top = game.bubble_radius
  game.level_right = game.level_left + game.level_width
  game.level_bottom = game.level_top + game.level_height

  for i = 1, #game.bubble_slots do
    game.bubble_slots[i].x = game.bubble_slots[i].x + game.level_left
    game.bubble_slots[i].y = game.bubble_slots[i].y + game.level_top
  end

  game.launcher_image = love.graphics.newImage('images/launcher.png')
  game.launcher_height = game.launcher_image:getHeight()
  game.launcher_width = game.launcher_image:getWidth()
  game.launcher_x = game.window_width / 2
  game.launcher_y = game.level_top + game.level_height + game.bubble_diameter
  game.launcher_offset_x = 90 -- rotation point in launcher image
  game.launcher_offset_y = game.launcher_height / 2
  game.launcher_rotation = -tau / 4 -- up

  local total_bubble_count, counts_by_type = get_bubble_counts()
  local bubble_types = {}
  for bubble_type, count in pairs(counts_by_type) do
    if bubble_type >= 1 and bubble_type <= 8 then
      bubble_types[#bubble_types+1] = bubble_type
    end
  end
  game.next_bubble_index = 1
  game.next_bubble = {
    x = game.launcher_x,
    y = game.launcher_y,
    bubble_type = get_next_bubble_type(game.next_bubble_index, bubble_types),
    velocity_x = 0,
    velocity_y = 0
  }
end

function love.update(dt)
  if game.paused then
    return
  end

  if game.next_bubble.velocity_x ~= 0 or game.next_bubble.velocity_y ~= 0 then
    local next_x = game.next_bubble.x + game.next_bubble.velocity_x
    local next_y = game.next_bubble.y + game.next_bubble.velocity_y
    local bubble_should_stop = false

    -- collision with ceiling
    if next_y - game.bubble_radius <= game.level_top then
      bubble_should_stop = true
    end

    -- collision with walls
    if not bubble_should_stop then
      if next_x + game.bubble_radius >= game.level_right or
         next_x - game.bubble_radius <= game.level_left then
        local impact_x = game.level_left + game.bubble_radius
        if next_x + game.bubble_radius >= game.level_right then
          impact_x = game.level_right - game.bubble_radius
        end
        local dx = impact_x - game.next_bubble.x
        local ratio = dx / game.next_bubble.velocity_x
        local dy = game.next_bubble.velocity_y * ratio
        local impact_y = game.next_bubble.y + dy
        local ratio_after_bounce = 1.0 - ratio
        game.next_bubble.velocity_x = -game.next_bubble.velocity_x
        next_x = impact_x + game.next_bubble.velocity_x * ratio_after_bounce
        next_y = impact_y + game.next_bubble.velocity_y * ratio_after_bounce
      end
    end

    -- collision with another bubble
    if not bubble_should_stop then
      for i = 1, #game.bubble_slots do
        local slot = game.bubble_slots[i]
        if slot.bubble_type ~= 0 then
          local diff_x = next_x - slot.x
          local diff_y = next_y - slot.y
          local dist = math.sqrt(diff_x * diff_x + diff_y * diff_y)
          if dist <= game.bubble_diameter then
            local depth = game.bubble_diameter - dist
            local direction_x = diff_x / dist
            local direction_y = diff_y / dist
            next_x = next_x + direction_x * depth
            next_y = next_y + direction_y * depth
            bubble_should_stop = true
            break
          end
        end
      end
    end

    if bubble_should_stop then
      local nearest_slot_index = find_nearest_slot(next_x, next_y)
      game.bubble_slots[nearest_slot_index].bubble_type = game.next_bubble.bubble_type
      game.next_bubble.x = game.bubble_slots[nearest_slot_index].x
      game.next_bubble.y = game.bubble_slots[nearest_slot_index].y
      game.next_bubble.velocity_x = 0
      game.next_bubble.velocity_y = 0

      local matches = find_matches(nearest_slot_index)
    else
      game.next_bubble.x = next_x
      game.next_bubble.y = next_y
    end
  end

  if game.frame_by_frame then
    game.paused = true
    game.frame_by_frame = false
  end
end

function love.draw(alpha)
  if game.paused then
    alpha = 0
  end

  -- draw background
  love.graphics.setColor(1, 1, 1, 1)
  love.graphics.draw(game.background_image, 0, 0)
  love.graphics.draw(game.background_image, game.background_width, 0)

  -- draw stationary bubbles
  love.graphics.setColor(1, 1, 1, 1)
  for i = 1, #game.bubble_slots do
    local slot = game.bubble_slots[i]
    if slot.bubble_type >= 1 and slot.bubble_type <= #game.bubble_images then
      love.graphics.draw(
        game.bubble_images[slot.bubble_type],
        slot.x,
        slot.y,
        0, 1, 1,
        game.bubble_radius,
        game.bubble_radius
      )
    else
      love.graphics.circle(
        'line',
        slot.x,
        slot.y,
        game.bubble_radius
      )
    end
  end

  -- draw walls
  love.graphics.setColor(0, 0, 0, 1)
  love.graphics.rectangle(
    'line',
    game.level_left,
    game.level_top,
    game.level_width,
    game.level_height
  )

  -- draw launcher
  love.graphics.setColor(1, 1, 1, 1)
  love.graphics.draw(
    game.launcher_image,
    game.launcher_x,
    game.launcher_y,
    game.launcher_rotation,
    1,
    1,
    game.launcher_offset_x,
    game.launcher_offset_y
  )

  -- draw next bubble
  -- if moving, extrapolate position based on alpha value from love.run
  love.graphics.setColor(1, 1, 1, 1)
  love.graphics.draw(
    game.bubble_images[game.next_bubble.bubble_type],
    game.next_bubble.x + game.next_bubble.velocity_x * alpha,
    game.next_bubble.y + game.next_bubble.velocity_y * alpha,
    0,
    1,
    1,
    game.bubble_radius,
    game.bubble_radius
  )
end

function love.mousepressed(x, y, button, is_touch, presses)
  if button == 1 then
    local diff_x = x - game.launcher_x
    local diff_y = y - game.launcher_y
    local dist = math.sqrt(diff_x * diff_x + diff_y * diff_y)
    game.next_bubble.velocity_x = diff_x / dist * game.bubble_speed
    game.next_bubble.velocity_y = diff_y / dist * game.bubble_speed
  end
end

function love.mousemoved(x, y, dx, dy, is_touch)
  local diff_x = x - game.launcher_x
  local diff_y = y - game.launcher_y
  game.launcher_rotation = math.atan2(diff_y, diff_x)
end

function love.keypressed(key, scan_code, is_repeat)
  if key == 'escape' then
    love.event.quit()
  elseif key == 'r' then
    game.next_bubble.x = game.launcher_x
    game.next_bubble.y = game.launcher_y
    game.next_bubble.velocity_x = 0
    game.next_bubble.velocity_y = 0
    game.next_bubble.bubble_type = get_next_bubble_type(
      game.next_bubble_index, {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8}
    )
    game.paused = false
  elseif key == 'space' then
    game.paused = not game.paused
  elseif key == 'n' and game.paused then
    game.frame_by_frame = true
    game.paused = false
  end
end

function love.run()
  if love.load then love.load(love.arg.parseGameArguments(arg), arg) end

  if love.timer then love.timer.step() end

  local dt = 1/120 -- update 120 times per second
  local accumulator = 0.0

  return function()
    if love.event then
      love.event.pump()
      for name, a,b,c,d,e,f in love.event.poll() do
        if name == "quit" then
          if not love.quit or not love.quit() then
            return a or 0
          end
        end
        love.handlers[name](a,b,c,d,e,f)
      end
    end

    local frame_time = dt -- default in case love.timer is disabled

    if love.timer then
      frame_time = love.timer.step()
      if frame_time > 0.25 then
        frame_time = 0.25
      end
    end

    accumulator = accumulator + frame_time

    while (accumulator >= dt) do
      if love.update then love.update(dt) end
      accumulator = accumulator - dt
    end

    local alpha = accumulator / dt

    if love.graphics and love.graphics.isActive() then
      love.graphics.origin()
      love.graphics.clear(love.graphics.getBackgroundColor())

      if love.draw then love.draw(alpha) end

      love.graphics.present()
    end

    if love.timer then love.timer.sleep(0.001) end
  end
end